Nuts & Bolts of German (Explanations)
Prepositions with the accusative or the dative case (Business German)
After the following prepositions the accusative case is used to indicate movement to a place (i.e. you can ask “where to?”).
The dative case is used to indicate location (i.e. you can ask "where?") or time (i.e. you can ask "when?"):
Das Geschäft wurde im (=in+dem) Mai eröffnet. (The shop was opened in May.)
Die Cafeteria ist im (=in+dem) dritten Stock. // Die Cafeteria ist in der dritten Etage. (The cafeteria is on the third floor.)
In einem Jahr ist sie mit der Ausbildung fertig. (In one year she'll have finished her professional training.)
Am (=an+dem) Montag beginnt die Arbeit um 7 Uhr. (Work on Monday starts at 7 o'clock.)
Die Firma wurde vor einem Jahr gegründet. (The company was founded a year ago.)
Der Begriff "zwischen den Jahren" bezeichnet die Zeit zwischen Weihnachten und dem Neujahrstag (1. Januar) oder dem Dreikönigstag (6. Januar). (The term "between the years" refers to the time between Christmas and New Year's Day (January 1st) or Epiphany (January 6th.)
There are also a number of verbs and adjectives that are used with a specific preposition, e.g. sprechen über, sich freuen auf, sich fürchten vor or stolz sein auf. These prepositions are used in a more abstract sense (e.g. sprechen über: you don't hover above the topic you are talking about). This means, asking the question "where ... to?", "where" or "when" to figure out whether you need the accusative or the dative case is of no help. You simply have to learn these verbs and adjectives together with the specific preposition. Click here to find out more.